click be installation

mkdir -p /var/netenberg/click_be/installer/
cd /var/netenberg/click_be/
wget http://www.netenberg.com/files/click_be/free/click_be_installer.bz2
tar -xjpf click_be_installer.bz2
cd /var/netenberg/click_be/installer/
php click_be.php status
php click_be.php install

rvskin installation

mkdir /root/rvadmin
cd /root/rvadmin
wget http://member.rvskin.com/auto_rvskin.tgz; tar -xvzf auto_rvskin.tgz perl auto_rvskin.pl

Fantastico problems

Fantastico is not installed at the default location
/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/fantastico. Either move the
Fantastico directory from it's current location to
/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/fantastico OR enable
ioncube loaders in WHM -> Tweak settings.

To print a-z

for i in {a..z} ; do echo $i;done;

Unable to upload files via cpanel file manager

solution:

go to whm>manage plugins> install clamav

this will fix the issue

To grep multiple contents

egrep "foldername|foldername|foldername"

How to install RPM

How to install RPM
What is RPM?



Many Linux distributions use RPM as the default application management system. This means that when using RPM packages, it is quite easy to install applications to your favorite Linux distributions.

RPM is originally developed by Red Hat, but nowadays you can run into rpm in many other linux distributions (for example Fedora Core, CentOS, Mandriva or Yellow Dog Linux) and even on other operating systems (Novel Netware and IBM Aix).

RPM packaged software follows usually the following format:

(name)-(version)-(release).(arch).rpm

For example: httpd-2.23-2.i386.rpm

Also source codes can be downloaded in rpm packages. For example httpd-2.23-2.i386.src.rpm. RPM files with the noarch.rpm extension refer to files that don't depend on a computer's architecture.

Install RPM

Installing RPM package is very easy and straightforward:

* rpm -ivh package.rpm - installs package.rpm
* rpm -Uvh package.rpm - updates package.rpm
* rpm -qi package - displays (already installed ) information about application "package"
* rpm -qpi package.rpm - displays information about rpm-file
* rpm -qpl package.rpm - displays files included in package.rpm
* rpm -qa - lists all rpm packages installed to your distribution
* rpm --rebuilddb - rebuilds your rpm database

With these simple commands you can install rpm packages to your linux distribution!

Data base restore from old to new

1. Check whether the PHP and Apache configurations of /old and the new server.
/old/var/cpanel/cpanel.conf
/old/usr/local/apache/conf/
2. Recompile PHP and Apache to make so.
3. Run the script http://script.sherin.co.in/cpanel/restorefiles.sh
4. Copy the content in /old/var/lib/mysql to /var/lib mysql/ ---- (with same permisions and ownerships)
5. Copy the content of /old/home/ to /home/ ---- (with same permisions and ownerships)
6. Again run an upcp and recompile Apache and PHP.

disable open_base and safe_mode

Warning: curl_setopt() [function.curl-setopt]: CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION cannot be activated when in safe_mode or an open_basedir is set in /home/brightla/public_html/directions.php on line 190


solution

1. log into his WHM and click Security Center under the Security section.
2.The 5th option down should be PHP open_basedir Tweak
3.From there you can disable it per account

Argument list too long

Argument list too long

Have you ever seen this very annoying error message? I bet you have!

I had to move little over 36k files in one directory to another box. Scp and both let me know there's too many files for them to handle. So what to do?

Each shell session has a pre-configured amount of storage with a hard limit. To check it you can type getconf ARG_MAX which will type whatever the max arg is in your box.

You can work around this easily wit tar. Just pre-build list of filenames and then pass the list to tar:


find . -iname '*.gif' > list.txt
tar czvf files.tar.gz --files-from list.txt


Sit back and enjoy the ride while box archives your files!

database repair

mysqldump: Got error: 145: Table './epidata_tikidb/tiki_searchindex' is
marked as crashed and should be repaired when using LOCK TABLES

solution:

myisamchk -crS /var/lib/mysql/database/*.MYI

HOW TO PREVENT DDOS ATTACKS

All web servers been connected to the Internet subjected to DoS (Denial of Service) or DDoS (Distrubuted Denial of Service) attacks in some kind or another, where hackers or attackers launch large amount connections consistently and persistently to the server, and in advanced stage, distributed from multiple IP addresses or sources, in the hope to bring down the server or use up all network bandwidth and system resources to deny web pages serving or website not responding to legitimate visitors.

You can detect the ddos using the following command

netstat -anp|grep tcp|awk '{print $5}'| cut -d : -f1|sort|uniq -c|sort -n

It will shows the number of connections from all IPs to the server.

There are plenty of ways to prevent, stop, fight and kill off DDoS attack, such as using firewall. A low cost, and probably free method is by using software based firewall or filtering service. (D)DoS-Deflate is a free open source Unix/Linux script by MediaLayer that automatically mitigate (D)DoS attacks. It claims to be the best, free, open source solution to protect servers against some of the most excruciating DDoS attacks.

(D)DoS-Deflate script basically monitors and tracks the IP addresses are sending and establishing large amount of TCP network connections such as mass emailing, DoS pings, HTTP requests) by using “netstat” command, which is the symptom of a denial of service attack. When it detects number of connections from a single node that exceeds certain preset limit, the script will automatically uses APF or IPTABLES to ban and block the IPs. Depending on the configuration, the banned IP addresses would be unbanned using APF or IPTABLES (only works on APF v 0.96 or better).

Installation and setup of (D)DOS-Deflate on the server is extremely easy. Simply login as root by open SSH secure shell access to the server, and run the the following commands one by one:

wget http://www.inetbase.com/scripts/ddos/install.sh
chmod 0700 install.sh
./install.sh

To uninstall the (D)DOS-Deflate, run the following commands one by one instead:

wget http://www.inetbase.com/scripts/ddos/uninstall.ddos
chmod 0700 uninstall.ddos
./uninstall.ddos

The configuration file for (D)DOS-Deflate is ddos.conf, and by default it will have the following values:

FREQ=1
NO_OF_CONNECTIONS=50
APF_BAN=1
KILL=1
EMAIL_TO=”root”
BAN_PERIOD=600

Users can change any of these settings to suit the different need or usage pattern of different servers. It’s also possible to whitelist and permanently unblock (never ban) IP addresses by listing them in /usr/local/ddos/ignore.ip.list file. If you plan to execute and run the script interactively, users can set KILL=0 so that any bad IPs detected are not banned

DIG COMMAND

DIG Command
dig is a command-line tool for querying DNS name servers for information about host addresses, mail exchanges, name servers, and related information.
Understanding the default output

The most typical, simplest query is for a single host. By default, however, dig is pretty verbose. You probably don’t need all the information in the default output, but it’s probably worth knowing what it is. Below is an annotated query.

This article explains you how to do the data recovery from a crashed windows-plesk server.

$ dig www.yahoo.com

That’s the command-line invocation of dig I used

; <<>> DiG 9.2.3 <<>> www.yahoo.com
;; global options: printcmd

The opening section of dig’s output tells us a little about itself (version 9.2.3) and the global options that are set (in this case, printcmd). This part of the output can be quelled by using the +nocmd option, but only if it’s the very first argument on the command line (even preceeding the host you’re querying).

;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 43071
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3

Here, dig tells us some technical details about the answer received from the DNS server. This section of the output can be toggled using the +[no]comments option—but beware that disabling the comments also turns off many section headers.

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.yahoo.com. IN A

In the question section, dig reminds us of our query. The default query is for an Internet address (A). You can turn this output on or off using the +[no]question option.

;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.yahoo.com. 600 IN A 203.23.184.88

Finally, we get our answer: the address of www.yahoo.com is 204.152.184.88. I don’t know why you’d ever want to turn off the answer, but you can toggle this section of the output using the +[no]answer option.

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
yahoo.com. 2351 IN NS ns1.nis.tc.org.
yahoo.com. 2351 IN NS ns1.gnac.com.
yahoo.com. 2351 IN NS ns2.nis.tc.org.

The authority section tells us what DNS servers can provide an authoritative answer to our query. In this example, yahoo.com has three name servers. You can toggle this section of the output using the +[no]authority option.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.gnac.com. 171551 IN A 203.23.34.21
ns-int.yahoo.com. 2351 IN A 211.52.18.65
ns-int.yahoo.com. 2351 IN AAAA 2001:4f8:0:2::15

The final section of the default output contains statistics about the query; it can be toggled with the +[no]stats option.
Some useful options with dig

dig will let you perform any valid DNS query, the most common of which are A (the IP address), TXT (text annotations), MX (mail exchanges), NS name servers, or the omnibus ANY.
# get the address(es) for yahoo.com

dig yahoo.com A +noall +answer

# get a list of yahoo's mail servers

dig yahoo.com MX +noall +answer

# get a list of DNS servers authoritative for yahoo.com

dig yahoo.com NS +noall +answer

# get all of the above

dig yahoo.com ANY +noall +answer

#Short answer

dig yahoo.com +short

#To get the TTL values

dig +nocmd yahoo.com mx +noall +short

#To get a long answer

dig +nocmd yahoo.com any +multiline +noall +answer

#To reverselookup

dig -x 216.109.112.135 +short

To bulk lookups # do full lookups for a number of hostnames

#dig -f /path/to/host-list.txt

#the same, with more focused output

dig -f /path/to/host-list.txt +noall +answer

Tracing dig's path

dig yahoo.com +trace

How to interpret TTL value

If you ask your local DNS server for an Internet address, the server figures out where to find an authoritative answer and then asks for it. Once the server receives an answer, it will keep the answer in a local cache so that if you ask for the same address again a short time later, it can give you the answer quickly rather than searching the Internet for it all over again.

When domain administrators configure their DNS records, they decide how long the records should remain in remote caches. This is the TTL number (usually expressed in number of seconds).

When domain administrators configure their DNS records, they decide how long the records should remain in remote caches. This is the TTL number (usually expressed in number of seconds).
For example, as of this writing, the TTL for the MX records for the gmail.com domain is 300 seconds. The gmail.com admins are asking that remote servers cache their MX records for no more than five minutes. So when you first ask for that record set, dig will report a TTL of 300.

$ dig +nocmd gmail.com MX +noall +answer
gmail.com. 300 IN MX 20 gsmtp57.google.com.
gmail.com. 300 IN MX 10 gsmtp171.google.com.

If you ask a few seconds later, you’ll see the TTL number reduced by approximately the number of seconds you waited to ask again.

$ dig +nocmd gmail.com MX +noall +answer
gmail.com. 280 IN MX 10 gsmtp171.google.com.
gmail.com. 280 IN MX 20 gsmtp57.google.com.

If your timing is good, you can catch the record at the very end of its life.

$ dig +nocmd gmail.com MX +noall +answer
gmail.com. 1 IN MX 10 gsmtp171.google.com.
gmail.com. 1 IN MX 20 gsmtp57.google.com.

After that, the DNS server you’re querying will “forget" the answer to that question, so the whole cycle will start over again (in this example, at 300 seconds) the next time you perform that query.

INSTALL A PEAR MODULE MAIL.php

For installing Mail.php module

pear install mail

we can verify it from the following command

pear list

DOMAIN NAME IS NOT LISTING IN THE WHM * LIST ACCOUNTS

Please make sure that the domain entry in the following files.

/etc/userdomains

(domain name and username should be present in this file)

/etc/localdomains

/etc/trueuserdomains

CPANEL INSTALLATION

cPanel Installation Instructions:
cPanel now uses a universal install script which can be found at
http://layer1.cpanel.net/. You can use the following commands in the root
shell to download and start the installation script:
mkdir /home/cpins
cd /home/cpins
wget http://layer1.cpanel.net/latest
sh latest

EACCELERATOR INSTALLATION

Eaccellerator Installation
Also another route is:

Code:

wget http://www.ecsportal.com/projects/eaccelerator.sh
chmod 755 eaccelerator.sh
./eaccelerator.sh



when done you see link look like

Code:

quote:/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20020429/eaccelerator.so

copy your like to add in php.ini

edit php.ini
Code:

nano -w /usr/local/lib/php.ini

add this after Windows Extensions , in the list down.

Code:

zend_extension="/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20020429/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="32"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"



save and restart apache

Code:

/sbin/service httpd restart


*END*

test your work now

Code:

php -v


if your install done you will see look like this

Code:

> php -v
PHP 4.4.4 (cli) (built: Aug 23 2006 04:09:14)
Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v1.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2004 Zend Technologies
with eAccelerator v0.9.5-rc1, Copyright (c) 2004-2006 eAccelerator, by eAccelerator
with Zend Extension Manager v1.0.10, Copyright (c) 2003-2006, by Zend Technologies
with Zend Optimizer v3.0.1, Copyright (c) 1998-2006, by Zend Technologies


This installation will work on DirectAdmin + CPanel Systems

IONCUBE INSTALLETION

Installing Ioncube
ionCube produces leading tools for PHP source code protection to secure your PHP software from prying eyes and to combat software piracy. Featuring an advanced compiled-code encoding engine that translates source to highly efficient bytecodes, ionCube encoding tools deliver the ideal combination of maximum source code protection without sacrificing performance, reliability or language compatibility.

In order to view encoded ionCube files on your server you need the ionCube loader. This is a free plugin for Apache web server that only takes a few minutes to install and is well worth it.
http://www.ioncube.com/

Requirements:
- Root Shell access to your server
- phpinfo page: create a new document and call it phpinfo.php. Inside place phpinfo();
Place this document in your www directory so you can view it and see all your PHP settings.


Installing ionCube Loader:

1. Download the program and store it on your server using wget or FTP.
http://www.ioncube.com/loader_download.php

2. Unpack the program
tar -zxvf ioncube_loaders.tar.gz

3. cd ioncube

4. copy ioncube-install-assistant.php to a web directory such as your hosting directory and open it in your browser window.
cp ioncube-install-assistant.php /home/userdirectoryhere/www

Then open it http://www.yourdomain.com/ioncube-install-assistant.php
The output should be something similar to:

Analysis of your system configuration shows:

PHP Version 4.3.3
Operating System Linux
Threaded PHP No
php.ini file /usr/local/lib/php.ini
Required Loader ioncube_loader_lin_4.3.so

5. Now lets move the iconcube directory to a permanent location:
cd ..
mv ioncube /usr/local

6. Now that you know the location of php.ini you need to edit it.
pico /usr/local/lib/php.ini

Now find where other zend extentions are in the file.
ctrl + w: zend_extension

Paste in your new line for ioncube loader
zend_extension = /usr/local/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_4.3.so

7. Save the changes
ctrl + X then Y and enter

8. Restart the web server to take effect.
/etc/init.d/httpd restart

Success! You should now see a section in your PHP Info page that says:
Additional Modules
Module Name ionCube Loader

Hide Commands in Shell

Hide Commands in Shell

To hide the commands you are entering in shell, use "stty" command :)

#stty -echo

Now, all commands that you type are invisible.
To disable this mode, issue the following command at the shell prompt:

#stty echo

Hows it? :)