Add /dev/null 2>&1 at the end of the script
i.e 30 8 * * * command > /dev/null 2>&1
Tuesday, June 30, 2009
Sunday, June 21, 2009
DNS FORWARDING
for a in 'grep theright /etc/trueuserowners | cut -d ':' -f1'; do for b in `grep $a /etc/userdomains | cut -d":" -f1`;do replace "66.7.213.144" "66.7.219.239" -- /var/named/$b.db ; done ; done;
To change the Ip from 66.7.213.144 to 66.7.219.239
To change the Ip from 66.7.213.144 to 66.7.219.239
Thursday, June 18, 2009
Email forwarders
You can import email forwarders for one domain at a time ,i.e your list must be in the following form
For example you have 5 email address in the domain "nmjw02.com" i.e test1@nmjw02.com,...test5@nmjw02.com ,you can import the forwarders for these addresses in the following manner
source target
test1 jibin.t@hostdime.in
test2 rahul.r@hostdime.in
.
.
and lastly select the domain "nmjw02.com" from the drop down list. Other wise it will not work.
You can get the details regarding this issue From the following link
===================
http://tutorials.hostmonster.com/emailimport/
==================
If you need further assistance Please feel free to contact us.
Regards.
For example you have 5 email address in the domain "nmjw02.com" i.e test1@nmjw02.com,...test5@nmjw02.com ,you can import the forwarders for these addresses in the following manner
source target
test1 jibin.t@hostdime.in
test2 rahul.r@hostdime.in
.
.
and lastly select the domain "nmjw02.com" from the drop down list. Other wise it will not work.
You can get the details regarding this issue From the following link
===================
http://tutorials.hostmonster.com/emailimport/
==================
If you need further assistance Please feel free to contact us.
Regards.
Wednesday, June 17, 2009
how to do transfer having account size more than 2 GB
1) Move public_html to /home/ as user_public or public_user (anything like that)
2) create a link of user_public to ../ (i.e /home)
3) packageaccount user_public
4) restore account user_public
then you need to transfer public_html by rsync
transfer user_public using rsync to /home of dest: and then it rename a public_html ...
2) create a link of user_public to ../ (i.e /home)
3) packageaccount user_public
4) restore account user_public
then you need to transfer public_html by rsync
transfer user_public using rsync to /home of dest: and then it rename a public_html ...
Monday, June 15, 2009
How to secure a server....
We can easily done by this using the following script
=========
http://script.sherin.co.in/jsecure.sh
=========
=========
http://script.sherin.co.in/jsecure.sh
=========
Sunday, June 14, 2009
How can I change my MySQL database collation?
Usually you will be interested in changing your MySQL collation in order to solve problems with foreign character encodings. The most common case is to change your MySQL collation from latin1 to utf8. This can be done by using phpMyAdmin and following the instructions below:
1. Enter your cPanel and click on the phpMyAdmin icon in the Databases box.
2. Select the database you wish to manage from the drop-down menu on the left
3. Click on the Operations tab in the top menu of your phpMyAdmin
4. At the bottom of the page you will see the collation option. You can now select a collation from the drop down menu and click on the Go button.
Please note that after your change the collation of a database only the new tables will be created with the new collation. All other tables remain with the collation, they were initially created.
For the convenience of their customers, most web hosts have set MySQL's collation to utf8 by default. You can also benefit from this feature by joining Siteground.
1. Enter your cPanel and click on the phpMyAdmin icon in the Databases box.
2. Select the database you wish to manage from the drop-down menu on the left
3. Click on the Operations tab in the top menu of your phpMyAdmin
4. At the bottom of the page you will see the collation option. You can now select a collation from the drop down menu and click on the Go button.
Please note that after your change the collation of a database only the new tables will be created with the new collation. All other tables remain with the collation, they were initially created.
For the convenience of their customers, most web hosts have set MySQL's collation to utf8 by default. You can also benefit from this feature by joining Siteground.
How to change ssh informations
Changing the port number
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
edite the port number
restart the sshd------>>>/etc/init.d/sshd restart
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
edite the port number
restart the sshd------>>>/etc/init.d/sshd restart
Saturday, June 13, 2009
AWSTATS NOT UPDATING
go to
/home/user/tmp/awstats/awstats.domainname.conf
change
AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser 0 ===>>> 1
go to whm >> tweak settings >> under stats >> AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser
check the option
/home/user/tmp/awstats/awstats.domainname.conf
change
AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser 0 ===>>> 1
go to whm >> tweak settings >> under stats >> AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser
check the option
How to reset mysql password
mysql -u username -p
SET PASSWORD FOR cenimed_cardio@localhost = OLD_PASSWORD('123456');
grant all privileges on saudican_monpl2.* to 'saudican_monpl2'@'localhost' identified by 'monpl2';
SET PASSWORD FOR cenimed_cardio@localhost = OLD_PASSWORD('123456');
grant all privileges on saudican_monpl2.* to 'saudican_monpl2'@'localhost' identified by 'monpl2';
Disable Modsecurity
Add the following into .htaccess
SecFilterEngine Off
SecFilterScanPOST Off
IT IS POSSIBLE TO DISABLE MOD_SECURITY UNDER PARTICULAR FOLDERS i.e add a .htaccess file under that folder and add the above two lines
SecFilterEngine Off
SecFilterScanPOST Off
IT IS POSSIBLE TO DISABLE MOD_SECURITY UNDER PARTICULAR FOLDERS i.e add a .htaccess file under that folder and add the above two lines
To convert courier to dovcot
To convert courier to dovecot
==========
# /scripts/setupmailserver --force dovecot
# /scripts/convert2dovecot
=========
PS: Don't convert it is shared server until you get an update
==========
# /scripts/setupmailserver --force dovecot
# /scripts/convert2dovecot
=========
PS: Don't convert it is shared server until you get an update
convert mbox to maildir
In shared servers maildir is preferred .You can do the above same by using mail directory conversion system in the webhost manager.
To enable Wild card on domains
go to zone file
i.e /var/named/domain.conf
add
* IN A IP
restart apache
/scripts/restartsrv httpd
vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
server alias *.domainname
save and exit
restart httpd
i.e /var/named/domain.conf
add
* IN A IP
restart apache
/scripts/restartsrv httpd
vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
server alias *.domainname
save and exit
restart httpd
Mysql error
[root@ibasoft ~]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL/etc/init.d/mysql: line 220: kill: (7430) - No such process
................................... [FAILED]
rm: cannot remove `/var/lock/subsys/mysql': Read-only file system
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
=======
Check the hard disk by using
/scripts/smartcheck
Shutting down MySQL/etc/init.d/mysql: line 220: kill: (7430) - No such process
................................... [FAILED]
rm: cannot remove `/var/lock/subsys/mysql': Read-only file system
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
=======
Check the hard disk by using
/scripts/smartcheck
SVN (subversion)
For future reference, to recompile the svn modules:
cd /root/downloads/subversion-1.6.2
make clean
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-apr=/home/cpeasyapache/src/httpd-/srclib/apr/apr-1-config --with-apr-util=/home/cpeasyapache/src/httpd-/srclib/apr-util/apu-1-config --prefix=/usr/local/subversion --with-sqlite=/usr/local/sqlite
make
make install
cd /root/downloads/subversion-1.6.2
make clean
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-apr=/home/cpeasyapache/src/httpd-
make
make install
Friday, June 12, 2009
FAST CGIT OVER mod_wsg
FastCGI for PHP makes all your PHP applications run through mod_fastcgi instead of mod_phpsusexec. This eliminates the overhead of loading the PHP interpretor on every hit. Since it is always in memory ready for the next hit, the responses will be generated faster. This is done without a need to modify to your existing PHP applications will be performed so you can easily enable and disable it at will.
Please verify the following FastCGI Benefits:
================================
1.PHP scripts will run faster. The PHP interpreter is loaded into memory rather than calling from storage for every hit, greatly improving performance of your scripted site.
2.You will use less Server Resources. Since the server does not have load the PHP interpreter for each hit, you will be able to accommodate a higher traffic site without exceeding your CPU quota.
3. No modifications to your existing code are required. Everything you currently run will work with FastCGI for PHP.
===================================
Thus, FastCGI is better than mod_wsgi. Shall we procced with the FastCGI installation.
Please verify the following FastCGI Benefits:
================================
1.PHP scripts will run faster. The PHP interpreter is loaded into memory rather than calling from storage for every hit, greatly improving performance of your scripted site.
2.You will use less Server Resources. Since the server does not have load the PHP interpreter for each hit, you will be able to accommodate a higher traffic site without exceeding your CPU quota.
3. No modifications to your existing code are required. Everything you currently run will work with FastCGI for PHP.
===================================
Thus, FastCGI is better than mod_wsgi. Shall we procced with the FastCGI installation.
cannot create mailing list
ImportError: No module named paths
Unable to touch file /usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/mailman/archives/public/index.html: No such file or directory at /usr/local/cpanel/bin/mailman-install line 188.
Processing consult
=========
yum install python-devel
/scripts/reinstallmailman
Unable to touch file /usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/mailman/archives/public/index.html: No such file or directory at /usr/local/cpanel/bin/mailman-install line 188.
Processing consult
=========
yum install python-devel
/scripts/reinstallmailman
Thursday, June 11, 2009
Difference between du and df commands
We normally see issues where the "du" and "df" outputs different disk space usage.
A common scenario is filling up of /var partition due to log files.
We usually clear the logs and the "du" outputs the expected result whereas "df" still shows the earlier reading.
This is due to the fact that, some user processes keeps the deleted files open. "du" doesn't show that since the file (if it is removed), or the file contents (if it is cleared) is not there in the current working directory.
"df" will continue to display the previous disk space, until the space is de-allocated. To de-allocate this space either the file descriptor of the file should close or the process should exit.
Therefore you can try restarting the daemons used by these files or reboot the server.
A common scenario is filling up of /var partition due to log files.
We usually clear the logs and the "du" outputs the expected result whereas "df" still shows the earlier reading.
This is due to the fact that, some user processes keeps the deleted files open. "du" doesn't show that since the file (if it is removed), or the file contents (if it is cleared) is not there in the current working directory.
"df" will continue to display the previous disk space, until the space is de-allocated. To de-allocate this space either the file descriptor of the file should close or the process should exit.
Therefore you can try restarting the daemons used by these files or reboot the server.
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
maildirsize file
root@clara [~]# cat /home/jckmedia/mail/domain.com/username/maildirsize
Squirrelmail: [ALERT] You exceeded your mail quota
Squirrelmail webmail will sometimes throw the following error message when sending (or moving) an email:
ERROR: Could not append message to INBOX.Sent.
Server responded: [ALERT] You exceeded your mail quota.
Solution: Remove unneccessary messages from your folder and start with
your Trash folder.
Common sense would say to delete your trash. Well, that’s not going to work. The problem is that the “maildirsize” file in the user’s Maildir is not showing the correct quota information. Simply delete the file from the user’s Maildir and the problem will go away. When the user receives a new email, the file will be recreated with the correct information.
Important Links
http://mycutelife.net [Linux Related issues and fix]
http://forums.cpanel.net/ [cpanel forums]
http://kb.bobcares.com/ [Bobcares knowledge base]
http://www.scribd.com/doc/16236492/Linux-Commands [Linux Commands ]
http://junitham.blogspot.com/ [collection of problems and solutions]
http://tutorials.hostmonster.com/emailimport/ [video tutorial for importing email addresses and email forwarders]
http://kb.siteground.com/category/cPanel_common_questions_and_problems.html [common cpanel issues]
http://www.thelinuxblog.com/2007/08/ [linux experts]
http://niyaas.blogspot.com/2008/01/history-of-linux.html [linux guru]
http://www.rootglobal.com/ [linux scripting basics]
http://www.unixnewbie.org/
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/ [bash guide]
http://www.nazeems.tk/
http://forums.cpanel.net/ [cpanel forums]
http://kb.bobcares.com/ [Bobcares knowledge base]
http://www.scribd.com/doc/16236492/Linux-Commands [Linux Commands ]
http://junitham.blogspot.com/ [collection of problems and solutions]
http://tutorials.hostmonster.com/emailimport/ [video tutorial for importing email addresses and email forwarders]
http://kb.siteground.com/category/cPanel_common_questions_and_problems.html [common cpanel issues]
http://www.thelinuxblog.com/2007/08/ [linux experts]
http://niyaas.blogspot.com/2008/01/history-of-linux.html [linux guru]
http://www.rootglobal.com/ [linux scripting basics]
http://www.unixnewbie.org/
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/ [bash guide]
http://www.nazeems.tk/
Outlook Express
Steps to configure Outlook express
1) Go to the Tools menu and select Accounts.
2) In the Internet Accounts window, click the Add button and select the Mail option.
3) Enter your name as you would like it to appear on your email in Display name: field.
4) Click the Next button.
5) Fill in E-mail address.
6) Click the Next button.
7) For Incoming mail (POP3, IMAP, or HTTP) server put your e-mail server(mail.DOMAIN.COM)
8) Click the Next button.
9) Enter the Account name: (test@DOMAIN.COM)
10) Enter the Password which corresponds to this account.
11) Do NOT select Log on using Secure Password Authentication (SPA).
12) Click the Next button.
13) Click the Finish button.
14) In the Internet Accounts window, click the Mail tab, then double-click your account name, this will open the properties window.
15) In the Account Properties window, click the Servers tab.
16) Under Outgoing Mail Server, check next to My server requires authentication.
17) Click the Advanced tab, disable the option Leave a copy of message in the server.
18)Then click apply and then Ok.
1) Go to the Tools menu and select Accounts.
2) In the Internet Accounts window, click the Add button and select the Mail option.
3) Enter your name as you would like it to appear on your email in Display name: field.
4) Click the Next button.
5) Fill in E-mail address.
6) Click the Next button.
7) For Incoming mail (POP3, IMAP, or HTTP) server put your e-mail server(mail.DOMAIN.COM)
8) Click the Next button.
9) Enter the Account name: (test@DOMAIN.COM)
10) Enter the Password which corresponds to this account.
11) Do NOT select Log on using Secure Password Authentication (SPA).
12) Click the Next button.
13) Click the Finish button.
14) In the Internet Accounts window, click the Mail tab, then double-click your account name, this will open the properties window.
15) In the Account Properties window, click the Servers tab.
16) Under Outgoing Mail Server, check next to My server requires authentication.
17) Click the Advanced tab, disable the option Leave a copy of message in the server.
18)Then click apply and then Ok.
Script to change premission of files and folders
To change the permission of files to 644
find /home/$i/public_html -type f -exec chmod 644 '{}' \;
To change the permission of folders to 755
find /home/$i/public_html -type d -exec chmod 755 '{}' \;
find /home/$i/public_html -type f -exec chmod 644 '{}' \;
To change the permission of folders to 755
find /home/$i/public_html -type d -exec chmod 755 '{}' \;
Php Suexec
To check whether php suexec is enabled in the server
/usr/local/cpanel/bin/rebuild_phpconf --current
/usr/local/cpanel/bin/rebuild_phpconf --current
Php info page not showing changes??
1)Copy /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5.cgi to /home/username/ public_html/cgi-bin
2)Add the below given script
root [/home/username/public_html/cgi-bin]# vi phpini.cgi
#!/bin/sh
export PHPRC=/home/username/public_html
exec /home/username/public_html/cgi-bin/php5.cgi
3)And added a php.ini in the location (/home/username/public_html)
4)In the .htaccess put the following.
AddHandler php-cgi .php
Action php-cgi /cgi-bin/phpini.cgi
5) Permission of phpini.cgi should be 755
2)Add the below given script
root [/home/username/public_html/cgi-bin]# vi phpini.cgi
#!/bin/sh
export PHPRC=/home/username/public_html
exec /home/username/public_html/cgi-bin/php5.cgi
3)And added a php.ini in the location (/home/username/public_html)
4)In the .htaccess put the following.
AddHandler php-cgi .php
Action php-cgi /cgi-bin/phpini.cgi
5) Permission of phpini.cgi should be 755
To change Maximum emails perhour for a domain
1) Check [root@server ~]#vi /var/cpanel/maxemailsperhour to increase the value
2)[root@server ~]# vi /var/cpanel/maxemails
# If you update this file you must run /scripts/build_maxemails_config
domain.com=500
site.net=1000
3) To check the change
[root@server ~]#cat /var/cpanel/maxemailsperdomain/domain.com
500
2)[root@server ~]# vi /var/cpanel/maxemails
# If you update this file you must run /scripts/build_maxemails_config
domain.com=500
site.net=1000
3) To check the change
[root@server ~]#cat /var/cpanel/maxemailsperdomain/domain.com
500
Exim commands
1) To delete mails in the mail queue older than a day
exiqgrep -o 86400 -i | xargs exim -Mrm
2)exim -bp|grep $name Will show the mail in queue for $name
exim -Mvh $MSGID View message header
exim -Mvb $MSGID View message body
exim -M $MSGID Force delivery of message
exim -v -M $MSGID View the transact of message
3)Force delivery of one message
exim -M email-id
4)Force another queue run
exim -qf
5)Force another queue run and attempt to flush the frozen message
exim -qff
6)View the log for the message
exim -Mvl messageID
7)View the body of the message
exim -Mvb messageID
8)View the header of the message
exim -Mvh messageID
8)Remove message without sending any error message
exim -Mrm messageID
9)Giveup and fail message to bounce the message to the Sender
exim -Mg messageID
10)How much mail in the queue?
exim -bpr | grep "<" | wc -l
11)How many Frozen mails in the queue
exim -bpr | grep frozen | wc -l
12)Deleteing Frozen Messages
exim -bpr | grep frozen | awk {'print $3'} | xargs exim -Mrm
13)To find out, how many messages are there in the mail queue:
exim -bpc
14)To check the mails in the queue:
exim -bp
15)To force exim update:
/scripts/eximup --force
exiqgrep -o 86400 -i | xargs exim -Mrm
2)exim -bp|grep $name Will show the mail in queue for $name
exim -Mvh $MSGID View message header
exim -Mvb $MSGID View message body
exim -M $MSGID Force delivery of message
exim -v -M $MSGID View the transact of message
3)Force delivery of one message
exim -M email-id
4)Force another queue run
exim -qf
5)Force another queue run and attempt to flush the frozen message
exim -qff
6)View the log for the message
exim -Mvl messageID
7)View the body of the message
exim -Mvb messageID
8)View the header of the message
exim -Mvh messageID
8)Remove message without sending any error message
exim -Mrm messageID
9)Giveup and fail message to bounce the message to the Sender
exim -Mg messageID
10)How much mail in the queue?
exim -bpr | grep "<" | wc -l
11)How many Frozen mails in the queue
exim -bpr | grep frozen | wc -l
12)Deleteing Frozen Messages
exim -bpr | grep frozen | awk {'print $3'} | xargs exim -Mrm
13)To find out, how many messages are there in the mail queue:
exim -bpc
14)To check the mails in the queue:
exim -bp
15)To force exim update:
/scripts/eximup --force
Number of connection to port 80 from different IP's
netstat -plan | grep :80 | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
tmp showing 100% even after removing file!!!
root@server [/tmp]# lsof +aL1 /tmp | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
Cpanel Backend files!
Apache
=======
/usr/local/apache
+ bin- apache binaries are stored here - httpd, apachectl, apxs
+ conf - configuration files - httpd.conf
+ cgi-bin
+ domlogs - domain log files are stored here
+ htdocs
+ include - header files
+ libexec - shared object (.so) files are stored here - libphp4.so,mod_rewrite.so
+ logs - apache logs - access_log, error_log, suexec_log
+ man - apache manual pages
+ proxy -
+ icons -
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd - apache start script
Cpanel script to restart apache - /scripts/restartsrv_httpd
Exim
=====
Conf : /etc/exim.conf - exim main configuration file
/etc/localdomains - list of domains allowed to relay mail
Log : /var/log/exim_mainlog - incoming/outgoing mails are logged here
/var/log/exim_rejectlog - exim rejected mails are reported here
/exim errors are logged here
Mail queue: /var/spool/exim/input
Cpanel script to restart exim - /scripts/restartsrv_exim
Email forwarders and catchall address file - /etc/valiases/domainname.com
Email filters file - /etc/vfilters/domainname.com
POP user authentication file - /home/username/etc/domainname/passwd
catchall inbox - /home/username/mail/inbox
POP user inbox - /home/username/mail/domainname/popusername/inbox
POP user spambox - /home/username/mail/domainname/popusername/spam
Program : /usr/sbin/exim (suid - -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root )
Init Script: /etc/rc.d/init.d/exim
ProFTPD
========
Program :/usr/sbin/proftpd
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/proftpd
Conf: /etc/proftpd.conf
Log: /var/log/messages, /var/log/xferlog
FTP accounts file - /etc/proftpd/username - all ftp accounts for the domain are listed here
Pure-FTPD
=========
Program : /usr/sbin/pure-ftpd
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/pure-ftpd
Conf: /etc/pure-ftpd.conf
Anonymous ftp document root - /etc/pure-ftpd/ip-address
Frontpage Extensions
=================
Program - (Install): /usr/local/frontpage/version5.0/bin/owsadm.exe
Uninstall and then install for re-installations
FP files are found as _vti-bin, _vti-pvt, _vti-cnf, vti-log inside the public_html
Mysql
=======
Program : /usr/bin/mysql
Init Script : /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
Conf : /etc/my.cnf, /root/.my.cnf
Data directory - /var/lib/mysql - Where all databases are stored.
Database naming convention - username_dbname (eg: john_sales)
Permissions on databases - drwx 2 mysql mysql
Socket file - /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock, /tmp/ mysql.sock
SSHD
======
Program :/usr/local/sbin/sshd
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
Log: /var/log/messages
Perl
====
Program :/usr/bin/perl
Directory :/usr/lib/perl5/5.6.1/
PHP
====
Program :/usr/local/bin/php, /usr/bin/php
ini file: /usr/local/lib/php.ini - apache must be restarted after any change to this file
php can be recomplied using /scripts/easyapache
Named(BIND)
============
Program: /usr/sbin/named
Init Script: /etc/rc.d/init.d/named
/etc/named.conf
db records:/var/named/
/var/log/messages
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cpanel installation directory structure
=============================
/usr/local/cpanel
+ 3rdparty/ - tools like fantastico, mailman files are located here
+ addons/ - AdvancedGuestBook, phpBB etc
+ base/ - phpmyadmin, squirrelmail, skins, webmail etc
+ bin/ - cpanel binaries
+ cgi-sys/ - cgi files like cgiemail, formmail.cgi, formmail.pl etc
+ logs/ - cpanel access log and error log
+ whostmgr/ - whm related files
WHM related files
===============
/var/cpanel - whm files
+ bandwidth/ - rrd files of domains
+ username.accts - reseller accounts are listed in this files
+ packages - hosting packages are listed here
+ root.accts - root owned domains are listed here
+ suspended - suspended accounts are listed here
+ users/ - cpanel user file - theme, bwlimit, addon, parked, sub-domains all are listed in this files
+ zonetemplates/ - dns zone template files are taken from here
Common CPanel scripts
===================
cpanel/whm Scripts are located in /scripts/
+ addns - add a dns zone
+ addfpmail - Add frontpage mail extensions to all domains without them
+ addfpmail2 -Add frontpage mail extensions to all domains without them
+ addnetmaskips - Add the netmask 255.255.255.0 to all IPs that have no netmask
+ addnobodygrp - Adds the gorup nobody and activates security
+ addpop - add a pop account
+ addservlets - Add JSP support to an account (requires tomcat)
+ addstatus - (Internal use never called by user)
+ adduser - Add a user to the system
+ bandwidth - (OLD)
+ betaexim - Installs the latest version of exim
+ biglogcheck - looks for logs nearing 2 gigabytes in size
+ bsdcryptoinstall - Installs crypto on FreeBSD
+ bsdldconfig - Configures the proper lib directories in FreeBSD
+ bsdpkgpingtest - Tests the connection speed for downloading FreeBSD packages
+ buildbsdexpect - Install expect on FreeBSD
+ builddomainaddr - (OLD)
+ buildeximconf - Rebuilds exim.conf
+ buildpostgrebsd-dev - Installs postgresql on FreeBSD.
+ chcpass - change cpanel passwords
+ easyapache - recompile/upgrade apache and/or php
+ exim4 - reinstall exim and fix permissions
+ fixcommonproblems - fixes most common problems
+ fixfrontpageperm - fixes permission issues with Front Page
+ fixmailman - fixes common mailman issues
+ fixnamed - fixes common named issues
+ fixndc - fixes rndc errors with named
+ fixquotas - fixes quota problems
+ fullhordereset - resets horde database to a fresh one - all previous user data are lost
+ initquotas - initializes quotas
+ installzendopt - installs zend optimizer
+ killacct - terminate an account - make sure you take a backup of the account first
+ mailperm - fixes permission problems with inboxes
+ park - to park a domain
+ pkgacct - used to backup an account
+ restartsrv - restart script for services
+ restorepkg - restores an account from a backup file ( pkgacct file)
+ runlogsnow - update logs of all users
+ runweblogs - update stats for a particular user
+ securetmp - secures /tmp partition with options nosuexec and nosuid
+ suspendacct - suspends an account
+ unsuspendacct - unsuspends a suspended account
+ upcp - updates cpanel to the latest version
+ updatenow - updates the cpanel scripts
+ updateuserdomains - updates userdomain entries
Important cpanel/whm files
====================
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf - apache configuration file
/etc/exim.conf - mail server configuration file
/etc/named.conf - name server (named) configuration file
/etc/proftpd.conf - proftpd server configuration file
/etc/pure-ftpd.conf - pure-ftpd server configuration file
/etc/valiases/domainname - catchall and forwarders are set here
/etc/vfilters/domainname - email filters are set here
/etc/userdomains - all domains are listed here - addons, parked,subdomains along with their usernames
/etc/localdomains - exim related file - all domains should be listed here to be able to send mails
/var/cpanel/users/username - cpanel user file
/var/cpanel/cpanel.config - cpanel configuration file ( Tweak Settings )*
/etc/cpbackup-userskip.conf -
/etc/sysconfig/network - Networking Setup*
/etc/hosts -
/var/spool/exim -
/var/spool/cron -
/etc/resolv.conf - Networking Setup--> Resolver Configuration
/etc/nameserverips - Networking Setup--> Nameserver IPs ( FOr resellers to give their nameservers )
/var/cpanel/resellers - For addpkg, etc permissions for resellers.
/etc/chkserv.d - Main >> Service Configuration >> Service Manager *
/var/run/chkservd - Main >> Server Status >> Service Status *
/var/log/dcpumon - top log process
/root/cpanel3-skel - skel directory. Eg: public_ftp, public_html. (Account Functions-->Skeleton Directory )*
/etc/wwwacct.conf - account creation defaults file in WHM (Basic cPanel/WHM Setup)*
/etc/cpupdate.conf - Update Config *
/etc/cpbackup.conf - Configure Backup*
/etc/clamav.conf - clamav (antivirus configuration file )
/etc/my.cnf - mysql configuration file
/usr/local/Zend/etc/php.ini OR /usr/local/lib/php.ini - php configuration file
/etc/ips - ip addresses on the server (except the shared ip) (IP Functions-->Show IP Address Usage )*
/etc/ipaddrpool - ip addresses which are free
/etc/ips.dnsmaster - name server ips
/var/cpanel/Counters - To get the counter of each users.
/var/cpanel/bandwidth - To get bandwith usage of domain
=======
/usr/local/apache
+ bin- apache binaries are stored here - httpd, apachectl, apxs
+ conf - configuration files - httpd.conf
+ cgi-bin
+ domlogs - domain log files are stored here
+ htdocs
+ include - header files
+ libexec - shared object (.so) files are stored here - libphp4.so,mod_rewrite.so
+ logs - apache logs - access_log, error_log, suexec_log
+ man - apache manual pages
+ proxy -
+ icons -
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd - apache start script
Cpanel script to restart apache - /scripts/restartsrv_httpd
Exim
=====
Conf : /etc/exim.conf - exim main configuration file
/etc/localdomains - list of domains allowed to relay mail
Log : /var/log/exim_mainlog - incoming/outgoing mails are logged here
/var/log/exim_rejectlog - exim rejected mails are reported here
/exim errors are logged here
Mail queue: /var/spool/exim/input
Cpanel script to restart exim - /scripts/restartsrv_exim
Email forwarders and catchall address file - /etc/valiases/domainname.com
Email filters file - /etc/vfilters/domainname.com
POP user authentication file - /home/username/etc/domainname/passwd
catchall inbox - /home/username/mail/inbox
POP user inbox - /home/username/mail/domainname/popusername/inbox
POP user spambox - /home/username/mail/domainname/popusername/spam
Program : /usr/sbin/exim (suid - -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root )
Init Script: /etc/rc.d/init.d/exim
ProFTPD
========
Program :/usr/sbin/proftpd
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/proftpd
Conf: /etc/proftpd.conf
Log: /var/log/messages, /var/log/xferlog
FTP accounts file - /etc/proftpd/username - all ftp accounts for the domain are listed here
Pure-FTPD
=========
Program : /usr/sbin/pure-ftpd
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/pure-ftpd
Conf: /etc/pure-ftpd.conf
Anonymous ftp document root - /etc/pure-ftpd/ip-address
Frontpage Extensions
=================
Program - (Install): /usr/local/frontpage/version5.0/bin/owsadm.exe
Uninstall and then install for re-installations
FP files are found as _vti-bin, _vti-pvt, _vti-cnf, vti-log inside the public_html
Mysql
=======
Program : /usr/bin/mysql
Init Script : /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
Conf : /etc/my.cnf, /root/.my.cnf
Data directory - /var/lib/mysql - Where all databases are stored.
Database naming convention - username_dbname (eg: john_sales)
Permissions on databases - drwx 2 mysql mysql
Socket file - /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock, /tmp/ mysql.sock
SSHD
======
Program :/usr/local/sbin/sshd
Init Script :/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
Log: /var/log/messages
Perl
====
Program :/usr/bin/perl
Directory :/usr/lib/perl5/5.6.1/
PHP
====
Program :/usr/local/bin/php, /usr/bin/php
ini file: /usr/local/lib/php.ini - apache must be restarted after any change to this file
php can be recomplied using /scripts/easyapache
Named(BIND)
============
Program: /usr/sbin/named
Init Script: /etc/rc.d/init.d/named
/etc/named.conf
db records:/var/named/
/var/log/messages
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cpanel installation directory structure
=============================
/usr/local/cpanel
+ 3rdparty/ - tools like fantastico, mailman files are located here
+ addons/ - AdvancedGuestBook, phpBB etc
+ base/ - phpmyadmin, squirrelmail, skins, webmail etc
+ bin/ - cpanel binaries
+ cgi-sys/ - cgi files like cgiemail, formmail.cgi, formmail.pl etc
+ logs/ - cpanel access log and error log
+ whostmgr/ - whm related files
WHM related files
===============
/var/cpanel - whm files
+ bandwidth/ - rrd files of domains
+ username.accts - reseller accounts are listed in this files
+ packages - hosting packages are listed here
+ root.accts - root owned domains are listed here
+ suspended - suspended accounts are listed here
+ users/ - cpanel user file - theme, bwlimit, addon, parked, sub-domains all are listed in this files
+ zonetemplates/ - dns zone template files are taken from here
Common CPanel scripts
===================
cpanel/whm Scripts are located in /scripts/
+ addns - add a dns zone
+ addfpmail - Add frontpage mail extensions to all domains without them
+ addfpmail2 -Add frontpage mail extensions to all domains without them
+ addnetmaskips - Add the netmask 255.255.255.0 to all IPs that have no netmask
+ addnobodygrp - Adds the gorup nobody and activates security
+ addpop - add a pop account
+ addservlets - Add JSP support to an account (requires tomcat)
+ addstatus - (Internal use never called by user)
+ adduser - Add a user to the system
+ bandwidth - (OLD)
+ betaexim - Installs the latest version of exim
+ biglogcheck - looks for logs nearing 2 gigabytes in size
+ bsdcryptoinstall - Installs crypto on FreeBSD
+ bsdldconfig - Configures the proper lib directories in FreeBSD
+ bsdpkgpingtest - Tests the connection speed for downloading FreeBSD packages
+ buildbsdexpect - Install expect on FreeBSD
+ builddomainaddr - (OLD)
+ buildeximconf - Rebuilds exim.conf
+ buildpostgrebsd-dev - Installs postgresql on FreeBSD.
+ chcpass - change cpanel passwords
+ easyapache - recompile/upgrade apache and/or php
+ exim4 - reinstall exim and fix permissions
+ fixcommonproblems - fixes most common problems
+ fixfrontpageperm - fixes permission issues with Front Page
+ fixmailman - fixes common mailman issues
+ fixnamed - fixes common named issues
+ fixndc - fixes rndc errors with named
+ fixquotas - fixes quota problems
+ fullhordereset - resets horde database to a fresh one - all previous user data are lost
+ initquotas - initializes quotas
+ installzendopt - installs zend optimizer
+ killacct - terminate an account - make sure you take a backup of the account first
+ mailperm - fixes permission problems with inboxes
+ park - to park a domain
+ pkgacct - used to backup an account
+ restartsrv - restart script for services
+ restorepkg - restores an account from a backup file ( pkgacct file)
+ runlogsnow - update logs of all users
+ runweblogs - update stats for a particular user
+ securetmp - secures /tmp partition with options nosuexec and nosuid
+ suspendacct - suspends an account
+ unsuspendacct - unsuspends a suspended account
+ upcp - updates cpanel to the latest version
+ updatenow - updates the cpanel scripts
+ updateuserdomains - updates userdomain entries
Important cpanel/whm files
====================
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf - apache configuration file
/etc/exim.conf - mail server configuration file
/etc/named.conf - name server (named) configuration file
/etc/proftpd.conf - proftpd server configuration file
/etc/pure-ftpd.conf - pure-ftpd server configuration file
/etc/valiases/domainname - catchall and forwarders are set here
/etc/vfilters/domainname - email filters are set here
/etc/userdomains - all domains are listed here - addons, parked,subdomains along with their usernames
/etc/localdomains - exim related file - all domains should be listed here to be able to send mails
/var/cpanel/users/username - cpanel user file
/var/cpanel/cpanel.config - cpanel configuration file ( Tweak Settings )*
/etc/cpbackup-userskip.conf -
/etc/sysconfig/network - Networking Setup*
/etc/hosts -
/var/spool/exim -
/var/spool/cron -
/etc/resolv.conf - Networking Setup--> Resolver Configuration
/etc/nameserverips - Networking Setup--> Nameserver IPs ( FOr resellers to give their nameservers )
/var/cpanel/resellers - For addpkg, etc permissions for resellers.
/etc/chkserv.d - Main >> Service Configuration >> Service Manager *
/var/run/chkservd - Main >> Server Status >> Service Status *
/var/log/dcpumon - top log process
/root/cpanel3-skel - skel directory. Eg: public_ftp, public_html. (Account Functions-->Skeleton Directory )*
/etc/wwwacct.conf - account creation defaults file in WHM (Basic cPanel/WHM Setup)*
/etc/cpupdate.conf - Update Config *
/etc/cpbackup.conf - Configure Backup*
/etc/clamav.conf - clamav (antivirus configuration file )
/etc/my.cnf - mysql configuration file
/usr/local/Zend/etc/php.ini OR /usr/local/lib/php.ini - php configuration file
/etc/ips - ip addresses on the server (except the shared ip) (IP Functions-->Show IP Address Usage )*
/etc/ipaddrpool - ip addresses which are free
/etc/ips.dnsmaster - name server ips
/var/cpanel/Counters - To get the counter of each users.
/var/cpanel/bandwidth - To get bandwith usage of domain
Methods to reduce server load
1 )netstat -plan | grep :80 | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
2) netstat -plan | grep :25 | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
3) pstree -paul
4) cd /tmp
5) rm -f dos-* sess_* .spamassassin*
6) find . -user nobody -exec rm -f '{}' \;
7) ps -C exim -fH ewww
8) ps -C exim -fH eww |grep home
9) netstat -ntu | grep ':' | awk '{print $5}' | awk '{sub("::ffff:","");print}' | cut -f1 -d ':' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
10) mysqladmin proc |grep Sleep |awk {'print $4'}|cut -d_ -f 1|sort|uniq -c|sort -nk 1
11) ps -C exim -fH ewww
12) for i in `ipcs -s | awk '{print $2}'`; do (ipcrm -s $i); done
13) for i in `mysqladmin proc |grep Sleep |cut -d " " -f 2`; do mysqladmin kill $i; done
14) exim -bp |grep "*** frozen ***" |awk '{print $3}' |xargs exim -Mrm
15) exiqgrep -z -i | xargs exim -Mrm;exiqgrep -o 432000 -i | xargs exim -Mrm
2) netstat -plan | grep :25 | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
3) pstree -paul
4) cd /tmp
5) rm -f dos-* sess_* .spamassassin*
6) find . -user nobody -exec rm -f '{}' \;
7) ps -C exim -fH ewww
8) ps -C exim -fH eww |grep home
9) netstat -ntu | grep ':' | awk '{print $5}' | awk '{sub("::ffff:","");print}' | cut -f1 -d ':' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
10) mysqladmin proc |grep Sleep |awk {'print $4'}|cut -d_ -f 1|sort|uniq -c|sort -nk 1
11) ps -C exim -fH ewww
12) for i in `ipcs -s | awk '{print $2}'`; do (ipcrm -s $i); done
13) for i in `mysqladmin proc |grep Sleep |cut -d " " -f 2`; do mysqladmin kill $i; done
14) exim -bp |grep "*** frozen ***" |awk '{print $3}' |xargs exim -Mrm
15) exiqgrep -z -i | xargs exim -Mrm;exiqgrep -o 432000 -i | xargs exim -Mrm
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)